Present Education System In India

Present Education System In India


Education is the principle of social control, social and personality building and economic progress in any nation or society. India's present education system is based on the British model, which was applied in 1835 AD. Given the rapid pace at which India's social, political and economic landscape is changing, it is necessary that we take a deeper look at the background, objectives, challenges and crises of the country's education system. 

When the foundation of the current education system was laid in 1835, Lord Macaulay stated in clear terms that the purpose of English education is to play the role of middlemen for administration in India and to prepare the distinguished people of India for government work. As a result, even after using English education for a century, India's literacy in 1935 did not even surpass the ten percent figure. India's literacy was only 13 percent, at the time of independence. This education system played an important role in keeping the upper classes separate in the rest of India's society. 

Present Education System In India
Present Education System In India

In British society, until the twentieth century, it was believed that educating children of the working class meant disqualifying them for their work in life. The British education system followed the same policy for children from poor families. From the study of the Indian education system of the last two hundred years, it can be decided that this education was city and upper class centred, devoid of labor and intellectual work. 

Gandhi's were first imposed this evil in the meeting of Gujarat Education Society in 1917 and he put the place of mother tongue in education and Hindi side in a logical manner at the national level. In the days of freedom struggle, education was given priority in schools like Shanti Niketan, Kashi Vidyapeeth etc. In 1944, education law was passed in the country. After independence, our constitution makers and policy-makers documented the importance of education in the reconstruction of the nation, socio-economic growth etc. We get confirmation of this opinion from Radhakrishna Committee (1949), Kothari Education Commission (1966) and New Education Policy (1986). 

Understanding the importance of education, the Constitution of India made reservation for Scheduled Castes and Tribes in educational institutions and numerous government rituals etc. Efforts were also made to bring backward castes under these facilities. After independence, our literacy rate and the number of educational institutions have certainly increased, but still more than 40 percent of the population is illiterate. The unfortunate thing is that after independence, the level of higher education and technical education in universities has increased but the base of primary education has become weak. 

The goalmouth of education was automation in place of nationality, character building and human resource development, due to which more than 40 percent of the students passing out of medical and higher organizations continual to migrate out of the country. The loot in the name of adult education and literacy in the country, the weak base of primary education, the removal of higher educational organizations from their strong role and the proficient attitude of teachers are creating a new crisis for the current education system. 

With the ideology of privatization and liberalization, the new faces of the capitalist economy, education has also been seen as a 'product' which is bought and sold in the market. Apart from this, in the name of liberalization, states are also diverting from their obligations. Thus, the present education system of India is still in a cycle of crises due to its in-depth analysis of the current education system's relationship with the social structure, in-depth analysis of the curriculum and its fundamental weaknesses. Textbooks are changed every ten years, but the basic form of education needs to be changed to make it job oriented. Our current education system is creating such an army of non-technical students who ultimately become a burden on their family and society. Therefore, it is an urgent need to combine education with character building as well nation-building .

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